CWAP-403 covers this topic under the 802.11 Frame Exchanges section. I’ve found this topic a bit hard to grasp. I have attempted to read the CWAP-403 study guide but honestly I could not get closer to fully grasp the topic. Much of the explanation in that book is direct copy/paste from standards documents. There is…
Read moreSpectrum Analysis II – #CWAP #Revision
Exam Specific only as I’ve outlined another post on this topic here 1. Spectrum Analysis – 15% 1.1 Capture RF spectrum data and understand the common views available in spectrum analyzers1.1.1 Install, configure and use spectrum analysis software and hardware Configure Wi-Fi integration Save and export capture data1.1.2 Capture RF spectrum data using handheld, laptop-based…
Read moreMedium Access Methods & QoS Frame Exchanges. #CWAP #Notes #Revision
Contention Algorithms The client STA must locate an AP to which it desires to connect which it does either actively or passively. The 802.11 MAC layer provides the following functions. Scanning – Process used to discover BSS or to discover access points within a known BSS. It can either be done passively (Beacon frames) or…
Read moreRF Fundamentals #mindmap #cheatsheet
CWAP Reference Guide so far… #CWAP12
I’ve tried to condense my notes from the study for CWAP-403 exam. The exam consists of lot of details which need to be learnt if you have not done enough capturing and analyzing 802.11 wireless frames before. CWAP 403 – Start > Introductory blog 802.11 Mac Header explained Key 802.11 Frames Troubleshooting WLAN issues #mindmap…
Read more802.11ac and a bit of 802.11ax #CWAP11
This blog post will be focusing on 802.11ac in particular. We visited the aspects of 802.11n in the last blog post. 802.11ac introduced the VHT (Very High Throughput) along with some core technological advancement like MU-MIMO, 256 QAM addition & support for 80MHz/160MHz channels. One of the key differences also lie in the support of…
Read more802.11n | HT Operations #CWAP10
The blog post will cover the topics related to High Throughput Throughput technologies in conjunction with the exam objectives laid down for CWAP-403 exam. 802.11 Frame Exchanges cover 25% of the knowledge domain required for the exam. Analysing HT & VHT transmission methods are one of the sub topics under this section. I will be…
Read moreTroubleshooting WLAN issues with 802.11 Frames – #CWAP9
I have pen down a some troubleshooting scenarios which I’ve come across while studying for CWAP exam. To begin with, Management Frames > Foundation of how wireless radios detect, join and operate on WLAN.Control Frames > Frames which control the delivery of Data frames. Data Frames > Carry actual data payload from/to layers 3-7. Some…
Read moreHow to capture WLAN Frames? #CWAP8
This blog post will focus on tools I’ve used for performing Wireless Frame Captures. I’ve been largely dependent on Macbook for capturing the wireless frames. I would highly suggest you for sourcing a Macbook for frame capture as Windows PC option involves getting a third party WLAN pcap which is not cheap. Thank you Apple…
Read moreWLAN Medium Contention – #CWAP6
Accounts for 10% of the CWAP knowledge domain areas, approx. 6/60 questions Medium Contention :Protocols that allow large number of devices to effectively share the wireless channel. All AP & STAs will contend with each other on a common transmission medium. CSMA / CA – The AP/STAs (802.11) use carrier sense multiple access with collision…
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